Appendix B - Notes

1. Barna Group. Spiritual Conversations in the Digital Age. (Ventura, CA: Barna).

2. Bretz, Lauren, “As Rents Rise, More Renters Turn to Doubling Up,” Zillow Research. December 14, 2017. https://www.zillow.com/research/rising-rentsmore- roommates-17618/; Stepler, Renee, “Number of U.S. adults cohabiting with a partner continues to rise, especially among those 50 and older,” Pew Research Center. April 6, 2017. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/number-of-u-s-adults-cohabiting-with-a-partner-continues-to-rise-especially-among-those-50-and-older/; Vespa, Jonathan, “The Changing Economics and Demographics of Young Adulthood: 1975–2016,” US Census Bureau. April 2017. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/demo/p20-579.pdf.

3. Pinsker, Joe, “The Not-So-Great Reason Divorce Rates Are Declining,” The Atlantic. September 25, 2018. https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/09/millennials-divorce-baby-boomers/571282/.

4. Livingston, Gretchen, “They’re Waiting Longer, but U.S. Women Today More Likely to Have Children Than a Decade Ago,” Pew Research Center. January 18, 2018. http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2018/01/18/theyre-waiting-longer-butu-s-women-today-more-likely-to-have-children-than-a-decade-ago/.

5. Cohn, D’vera and Jeffrey S. Passel, “A record 64 million Americans live in multigenerational households,” Pew Research Center. April 5, 2018. http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/04/05/a-record-64-million-americans-livein-multigenerational-households/.

6. Angier, Natalie, “The Changing American Family,” The New York Times. November 25, 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/26/health/families.html.

7. Rampell, Catherine. “U.S. Women on the Rise as Family Breadwinner,” The New York Times. May 29, 2013. https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/business/economy/women-as-family-breadwinner-on-the-rise-study-says.html.

8. U.S. Census Bureau, “Current Population Survey – Subject Definitions,” https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/technical-documentation/subject-definitions.html#household.

9. U.S. Census Bureau, “Historical Households Tables,” updated November 2017.https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/families/households.html.

10. Barna Group, “Is Gen Z the Most Success-Oriented Generation?” June 6, 2018. https://www.barna.com/research/is-gen-z-the-most-success-oriented-generation/.

11. Barna Group, The Generosity Gap. (Ventura, CA: 2017) 27.

12. From a Barna study conducted for the forthcoming book Faith for Exiles, Baker Books, 2019.

13. Barna Group, “Atheism Doubles Among Generation Z,” January 24, 2018. https://www.barna.com/research/atheism-doubles-among-generation-z/.

14. Puffer, K. A., Pence, K. G., Graverson, T. M., Wolfe, M., Pate, E., & Clegg, S. (2008). Religious Doubt and Identity Formation: Salient Predictors of Adolescent Religious Doubt. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 36(4), 270–284.

15. Allport, G. W. (Gordon W. (1960). The individual and his religion : a psychological interpretation. New York : Macmillan.

16. Puffer, et al, 2008.

17. Beck (1990) as quoted by: Puffer, K. A., Pence, K. G., Graverson, T. M., Wolfe, M., Pate, E., & Clegg, S. (2008). Religious Doubt and Identity Formation: Salient Predictors of Adolescent Religious Doubt. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 36(4), 270–284.

18. Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2017). Development Through Life: A Psychosocial Approach – Standalone Book (13 edition). San Fransisco, CA: Cengage Learning.

19. Newbigin, L. (1995). Proper Confidence: Faith, Doubt, and Certainty in Christian Discipleship (35384th edition). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

20. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Average hours per day spent in selected activities by employment status and sex,” accessed November 2, 2018. https://www.bls.gov/charts/american-time-use/activity-by-emp.htm.

21. Cigna, “New Cigna Study Reveals Loneliness at Epidemic Levels in America,” May 1, 2018. https://www.multivu.com/players/English/8294451-cigna-us-loneliness-survey/.

22. Kapp, Diana, “Does It Count as a Family Dinner if It’s Over in Eight Minutes?” Wall Street Journal. September 17, 2013. https://www.wsj.com/articles/does-ita-family-dinner-if-its-over-in-eight-minutes-1379458810.

23. Barna Group, Spiritual Conversations, 75.

24. Barna Group, “Generous People Are Rarely Single-Issue Donors,” October 16, 2018. https://www.barna.com/research/generosity-infographic/.

25. Barna Group, Christians at Work. (Ventura, CA: 2018) 90.

26. Barna Group, Spiritual Conversations, 62.

27. Crouch, Andy, The Tech-Wise Family. Ada, MI: Baker Books, 2017.

28. Vespa, “Changing Economics and Demographics of Young Adulthood.”

29. Vespa, “Changing Economics and Demographics of Young Adulthood.”

30. Volpe, Allie, “The Strange, Unique Intimacy of the Roommate Relationship,” The Atlantic. August 13, 2018. https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/08/the-strange-unique-intimacy-of-the-roommate-relationship/567296/.

31. Weale, Sally, “Boomerang offspring damage parents’ wellbeing, study finds,” The Guardian. March 7, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/mar/07/boomerang-offspring-damage-parents-wellbeing-study-finds; Weale, Sally, “Boomerang children can be good for family relationships – study,” The Guardian. June 29, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/education/2018/jun/29/boomerang-children-can-be-good-for-family-relationships-study.

32. Coontz, Stephanie, The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap. New York: Basic Books, 1993.

33. DiPrete, Thomas A. et al., “Segregation in Social Networks Based on Acquaintanceship and Trust,” American Journal of Sociology 116, no. 4 (January 2011): 1234–83, http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/DiPreteetal.pdf.

34. Cigna, “New Cigna Study.”

35. Barna Group, Christians at Work, 34.

36. Cooney, Samantha, “More Women Are Their Family’s Sole Breadwinner Than Ever Before,” Time. December 20, 2016. http://time.com/4607876/femalebreadwinners-rise-report/; Glynee, Sarah Jane, “Breadwinning Mothers Are Increasingly the U.S. Norm,” Center for American Progress. December 19, 2016. https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/women/reports/2016/12/19/295203/breadwinning-mothers-are-increasingly-the-u-s-norm/.

37. Besen-Cassino, Yasemin and Dan Cassino, “Division of House Chores and the Curious Case of Cooking: The Effects of Earning Inequality on House Chores among Dual-Earner Couples,” About Gender 3, no. 6 (2014). https://doi.org/10.15167/2279-5057/ag.2014.3.6.176.

38. Hoskins, Bob and Robert D. Hoskins, Attitudes & Behaviors of Youth. Pompano Beach, FL: OneHope, 2012.